National Interest and Climate Change

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 Ica Wulansari

Climate change now is a concern of international forum that has been symbolized by the agreement of Kyoto Protocol. Climate change has impacts on security threats in the future. The interaction between climate change and conflict has become reality. However, climate change is not yet considered important agenda same as traditional security threats. Unfortunately, the linkage between climate change and realist paradigm is still in poor debate.  Thus, global climate change order regime should be established to support strategic climate change policies through mitigation and adaptation. 

Is there any relation between climate change and threat? Is climate change impacts threatening state or individual? Both of them face climate change impact. What state suppose to do? According to Mark J Lacy on his book 'Security and Climate Change' said that the Realist must survey the geopolitical scene to work out what dangers the state should secure itself from, who or what is the clear and present danger to the tame zone. Logically, state has national interest as the main reason in defending its interests in climate change order regime. 

Moreover, Robyn Eckersley on her book entitled 'The Green State Rethinking Democracy and Sovereignty' said that the state should be "strong" or effective arises from the need to facilitate environmental restoration, regulate and in some cases proscribe a wide range of environmentally and socially damaging activities. Eckersley said that state ideally supposes to do sustainable development. In fact, some states have failed to cope with environmental problems because of their policies which show disrespect of environment preservation. Then, legislation and increasing public participation are needed to overcome the negative impact of environment destruction.

Climate change regime will change through new protocol which replace Kyoto Protocol. The process of Kyoto Protocol was complicated regarding the reducing of emissions between developed countries and developing countries. All about national interest, that is why climate change consensus was hardly negotiated. Furthermore, global climate change order regime should bind both developed countries and developing countries to reduce emissions. In addition, the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities' should be aware respectively.

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